Advanced Pathophysiology

Professional Development Assignment 1

N55 Advanced Pathophysiology A

The pathophysiological process consists of much complexity in order to determine the disease process in the human body. There are a number of questions as to why the cellular environment responds to the process of diseases.  The unique biological functions of cells are interchangeable and the true  basis of the integrity of the cell (McCance et al.,2010).  Cellular biology and cellular functions are the most essential structure found in the human body.  The functions of the cell are of most interesting because of the uniqueness that it involves such as movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction and communication (McCance et al.,2010).  

In order the have the functions would not be appropriate without the necessary cellular structures. McCance et al.(2010) states, “the eukaryotic cell,  which consists of three components,  the outer membrane, which is the plasma membrane,  the fluid fill cytoplasm, and the organs of the cell which also consists of the organelles, which also includes the nucleus (McCance et al., 2010 p.2).

        Another interest of pathophysiological importance is the RNA and DNA found in the nucleus. It is apparent in our modern technology, how DNA has been proven to be effective in determining the conviction or freedom of someone who is charged with a crime. This is interesting as to determine the necessary functions of both RNA and DNA.  McCance et al. (2010) states how the nucleolus is consistent of mostly RNA, and the cellular DNA that is found in the tight packaging of cell division that is an integral part of DNA and its genetic information. This genetic information is essential in determining the unique transcription that every individual has. Another topic of interests is the function of vaults which are considered cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins which are much larger that of ribosomes which are able to carry messenger RNA in order to determine the synthesis within the cytoplasm (McCance et al.,2010).

         Another note to remember about vaults is the fact that vaults may play a role in determining the resistance of cancer cells and its resistance to chemotherapy drugs. The function they utilize as messengers, to determine the role of  transporter  on the subcellular level or assemble of the large nuclear protein (McCance et al.,2010).

        One of less interest, would be that of the cellular environment, as discussed in chapter three of the book. Chapter three of the book discusses the fluids, electrolytes, acids and bases. This integral information of the cellular pH balance with the electrolyte concentration can be complex to understand at times. McCance et al.(2010), states that the balance is maintained by an integral function of renal, hormonal, and neural functions. The imbalance or alterations in pH will disrupt the function of the enzymes (McCance et al. 2010).  There is less interest in this topic particularly because of the need to know various percentages regarding the extracellular fluid and the intracellular fluid.  There is also less interests to be aware of the arterial and venous capillary pressures which are key components in the capillary filtration (McCance et al., 2010 p.99).

        Another topic of less interest would be that of sodium, chloride and water balance, despite the fact that it is a key and essential role is found in the kidneys and hormones (McCance et al.,2010).  Another topic of less interest is the pathophysiological response to hydrostatic pressure, which is dependent upon that of venous obstruction, losses or diminished production of plasma albumin, and increases in capillary permeability(McCance et al.,2010).  The increase in capillary permeability is usually the results of trauma, burns, crushing injuries. Also edema is noted to be related to the increase and accumulation of the fluid that is excessive in the “third space” which is also known as the interstitial space, pleural space, pericardial space(McCance et al.,2010).