Aph Review Sheet

1.AOC-was the first governing document, or constitution, of the United States of America.

2.Poupular Sovereignty- is the belief that the state is created by and therefore subject to the will of its people, who are the source of all political power.

3.Black Codes-were laws passed on the state and local level mainly in the rural Southern states in the United States to restrict the civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans

4.Mercantile Theory-is an economic theory that holds the prosperity of a nation depends upon its supply of capital, and that the global volume of trade is "unchangeable

5.Garrison/Liberator- Garrison was a abolitionist and he used the Liberator to boice his ideas.

6. Great Awakening- refer to several periods of dramatic religious revival in Anglo-American religious history, generally recognized as beginning in the 1730s

7. Factories, Lowell, Mass-

8.Individualism is a term used to describe a moral, political, or social outlook that stresses human independence and the importance of individual self-reliance and liberty.

Transcendentalism- a literary and philosophical movement that was begun during the early 19th century in New England by Ralph Waldo Emerson and others.

9. Shays Rebellion- was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts from 1786 to 1787.

10.Dred Scott- was a slave who sued unsuccessfully for his freedom in the famous Dred Scott v. Sandford case of 1856.

11.Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions- were important political statements in favor of states' rights written secretly by Vice President Thomas Jefferson and James Madison (then in retirement) in 1798. They were passed by the two states in opposition to the federal Alien and Sedition Acts. Though often mentioned as a pair in modern historical discussions, they were actually two separate documents. The Kentucky Resolutions (plural) were written by Jefferson and passed by the state legislature on November 16, 1798, with one more being passed the following year on December 3, 1799. The Virginia Resolution (singular) was written by Madison and passed by the state legislature on December 24, 1798. Jefferson and Madison collaborated on the writing of the two documents, but their authorship was not known for many years. The resolutions attacked the Sedition Act, which extended the powers of the federal government over individuals inside the states. The resolutions declared that the Constitution was a "compact." That is, it was an agreement among the states.

12. Indentured Labor- is a laborer under contract of the employer for some period of time, usually seven years, in exchange for such things as ship's passage, food, and accommodations.

13.American System- was an economic plan based on the "American School" ideas of Alexander Hamilton, expanded upon later by Friedrich List, consisting of a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building, and a national bank to encourage productive enterprise and form a national currency

14.Texas-Most southerners went here

15. Louisiana Purchase- was the acquisition by the United States of 828,000 square miles (2,140,000 kmÐ'І) of French territory in 1803.

16. First Colleges- Harvard, Eden

17.1800 Election- sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800", Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams. The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Democratic-Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party.

18.Tarrif of Abominations-enacted on May 19, 1828 was a protective tariff passed by the U.S. Congress. It was labeled the "Tariff of Abominations" by its Southern detractors because of the effects it had on the Antebellum Southern economy. It was the highest tariff in U.S. peacetime history, enacting a 62% tax on 92% of all imported goods

19.Monroe Doctrine. - is a U.S. doctrine which, on December 2, 1823, proclaimed that European powers would no longer colonize or interfere with the affairs of the newly independent nations of the Americas. The United States planned to stay neutral in wars between European powers and their colonies.

20. Lucretia Mott- was an American Quaker minister, abolitionist, social reformer and proponent of women's rights. She is credited as the first American "feminist" in the early 1800s but was, more accurately, the initiator of women's political advocacy.

21.Proclamation of 1763- was issued October 7, 1763 by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War. The purpose of the proclamation was to establish Britain's vast new North American empire, and to stabilize relations with Native Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier. The Proclamation in essence forbade colonists of the thirteen colonies from settling or buying land west of the Appalachian Mountains. The colonists were angry because many already had land in that area. Additionally, the Proclamation gave the Crown a monopoly in land bought from Native Americans.

22. Land ordinate of 1785- was adopted by the United States Congress on May 20, 1785. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress did not have the power to raise revenue by direct taxation of the inhabitants of the United States. Therefore, the immediate goal of the ordinance was to raise money through the sale of land in the largely unmapped territory west of the original colonies acquired from Britain at the end of the Revolutionary War.

23. Missouri Compromise- was an agreement passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress, involving primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36Ð'o30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri.

24. Jays Treaty- between the United States and Great Britain averted war, solved many issues left over from the American Revolution, and opened ten years of largely peaceful trade in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars. It was highly contested by Jeffersonians but passed Congress and became a central issue in the formation of the First Party System. The treaty was signed in November 1794, but was not proclaimed in effect until February 29, 1796.

25.Alien Sedition Acts- ere four laws passed by the Federalists in the United States Congress in 1798 during the