Economic Consequences Of Mass Toursim In Mallorca

Contents

Global Overview...................................................................................... 4

Tourist Flows............................................................................................ 4

Tourist generating/receiving countries..................................................... 5

Balearic Islands........................................................................................ 6

Evolution of arrivals of tourists by air to the Balearics 1993-2007............... 6

Balearic Islands in 2007........................................................................... 7

Balearic Islands incoming tourism by countries........................................ 7

Mallorca in 2007........................................................................................ 8

Mallorca incoming tourism by countries in 2007......................................... 8

Niche flows................................................................................................ 9

Factors affecting demand in tourism after 1945........................................ 10

Determinants, motivations and barriers .................................................. 11

The impact of Mass Tourism in Mallorca .................................................. 13

Forecast for tourism to Mallorca............................................................. 15

Bibliography .......................................................................................... 17

Index of appendices

Appendix 1.....................................................................................17

Appendix 2.....................................................................................18

Appendix 3.....................................................................................18

Appendix 4.....................................................................................19

Appendix 5.....................................................................................20

Appendix 6.....................................................................................20

Appendix 7.....................................................................................21

Appendix 8.....................................................................................21

Appendix 9.....................................................................................21

Appendix 10...................................................................................22

Appendix 11...................................................................................22

Appendix 12...................................................................................23

Appendix 13...................................................................................23

Appendix 14...................................................................................23

Global Overview

The year of 2006 was excellent for the tourism sector with 846 million international arrivals rising 5.4% compared to 2005.

"The 846 million international arrivals currently estimated represent an additional 43 million over 2005's level - marking a new record year for the industry. Of these 43 million, 22 million were for Europe, 12 million for Asia and the Pacific, and 3 million for each of the remaining regions - the Americas, Africa and the Middle East.

Africa (+9%) was again the star performer in 2006, continuing to record growth at almost twice the global rate.[...]. Asia and the Pacific (+8%) maintained its positive growth level of the previous year [...]. Europe (+5%) performed well above target while, in the Middle East, international tourist arrivals are estimated to have risen by 9%, [...]The weakest region was the Americas, whose 2% estimated growth was well below target, largely as a result of a stagnation in arrivals in Canada and Mexico - and despite excellent results for Central America." (www.unwto.org, 16/03/08)

Tourist Flows

Tourism flows are defined as "a form of spatial interaction between two areas, with the destination area containing a surplus of a commodity e.g. tourist attractions, and the generating area having a demand for that commodity" (Boniface & Cooper, 2005)

These movements of tourists are influenced by what are known as pull and push factors. Push factors are interrelated with the current phase of economic development in the generating area, including issues such as levels of affluence, mobility and holiday entitlements. Pull factors include accessibility and the tourist attractions of the destination.

Therefore flows determined by where the tourists come from (Tourist Generated Area), how they get there (Tourist Route) and where they go to (Tourist Destination Area). To help explain the way flows interact, Williams and Zelinski (1970), identified the following factors as of relevance: the distance between countries (the greater the distance, the smaller the amount of flow); the cultural ties between countries and the general attractiveness of the tourism receiver area.

The measurement of both international and domestic touristic flows is of great importance for governments as is the tool to monitor changes and indentify future trends, to plan ahead for the future of tourism and the statistics are used for public and private sectors to marketing.

Tourist generating/receiving