Expectancy Theory
Essay by 24 • January 8, 2011 • 303 Words (2 Pages) • 1,450 Views
Expectancy Theory
... was developed in 1964 by Victor Harold Vroom, Professor at the Yale School of Management.
The expectancy theory says that motivation depends on a person's belief in the probability that an effort he makes will lead to good performance which will lead to receiving an outcome the person values.
The theory assumes that individuals..
 make conscious choices about which course of action to follow and choose the one that maximizes their pleasure and minimizes pain
 have different needs and value the outcomes differently
 choose between alternative actions based on the likelihood of an action resulting in the outcome they value
The main components of the theory
 Expectancy/ subjective probability
an individual's estimate and confidence whether a certain level of effort (E) will produce a certain level of performance (P)
Eв†'P
 Instrumentality
is an individual's perception that its performance (P) will lead to desired outcome (O)
Pв†'O
 Valance (V)
is the value the individual places on the outcome
F = (Eв†'P) x (Pв†'O) x V
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