Research

First, a definition of terms:

1. Research

a. "The purpose of research is not simply to retrieve data, but to participate in a conversation about it" (Brent 109). In addition to being a scholarly investigation, research is a social activity intended to create new knowledge.

b. Because your purpose is to create new knowledge while recognizing those scholars whose existing work has helped you in this pursuit, you are honor bound never to commit the following academic sins:

1) Plagiarism: Literally "kidnapping," involving the use of someone else's words as if they were your own (Gibaldi 6). To avoid plagiarism you must document direct quotations, paraphrases, and original ideas not your own.

2) Recycling: Rehashing material you already know thoroughly or, without your professor's permission, submitting a paper that you have completed for another course.

3) Premature cognitive commitment: Academic jargon for deciding on a thesis too soon and then seeking information to serve that thesis rather than embarking on a genuine search for new knowledge.

2. Literary Research

a. Literary research is your response to the questions that you ask while experiencing the world the author or poet has created. These questions may concern such elements as character, style, setting, theme, or literary movement.

b. Your original text, the literary work you have studied first hand, is called the primary source.

Those works that present information as well as the opinions and ideas of other scholars are called secondary sources.

c. During literary research, you return again and again to the primary source to choose the material you