Second-Hand Smoke

The Effects of Second-Hand Smoke

Imagine yourself sitting down to dinner at a restaurant. You are sitting down trying to enjoy your dinner when all you can smell is smoke. Not only are you just breathing in the smoke, it is also damaging your body at the same time. Or imagine yourself at your work place, whether it be a restaurant or office, and you are forced to breathe in second-hand smoke the entire time you are there. In this paper you will be informed of the harmful effects of second-hand smoke, and why smoking should be banned from all public places.

When you are a smoker you are making the decision to damage your own body, but little do you know you are also damaging everyone else's body that you are in the room with. John Messmer explains:

"Most of us would agree that no one should be forced to smoke. So why are all of us, including children, expected to smoke against our wills in work places, restaurants and homes? Second-hand smoke makes smokers of us all" (Messmer).

New studies suggest that even a small amount of second-hand smoke can cause life-threatening changes to a non-smoker's circulatory system. A study done by Pennsylvania Alliance to Control Tobacco says that:

"Tobacco smoke pollution contains several thousands of chemicals, including: two-hundred poisons, and more than fifty chemicals that cause cancer. From a public

Amway2

health standpoint, there is no debate over the importance of clean indoor air. Tobacco smoke pollution exposure is a serious health risk to all adults and children" (PA alliance).

According to Alex Fir,

"Second-hand smoke or ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke) is a combination of side stream smoke coming straight from the burning tobacco and the mainstream smoke that is exhaled by the smoker. It comprises of over 4,000 chemical constituents, a large portion of which are the inducers of respiratory illness and around forty are known or suspected carcinogens. About seventy to eighty percent of ETS is from the burning tip of the cigarette and comprises of the highest levels of nicotine, carbon monoxide, tar, and various other carcinogens. Therefore, exposure to ETS is even more injurious than directly smoking a cigarette for an equivalent period" (Fir).

John A. Glantz explains just how harmful the effects of second-hand smoke can be, even in just short periods of time, in the passage below.

"The cardiovascular system is extremely sensitive to the toxins of second-hand cigarette smoke. The toxic effects of second hand smoke occur within five minutes of exposure" (Reinberg).

Dr. Joaquin Barnoya, an assistant professor of epidemiology at UCSF, found that:

"The effects of even brief periods of time being in the same room as a smoker are often nearly as bad as chronic smoking" (Reinberg).

If you think about it, the smoker actually has a filter in their cigarette to help them in not breathing in all of the toxins taken in to their body, but non-smokers do not get the benefit

Amway3

of having the smoke that they are breathing in to be filtered, therefore it is worse for non-smokers just being around the smoker than it is for the smoker themselves. Barnoya states just how dangerous the effects of second-hand smoke are, once again, in the following sentences.

"Non-smokers are more sensitive to cigarette smoke than are smokers. The effects of second-hand smoke are so great that we should avoid any place that is not smoke-free. We should be fighting for smoke-free environments" (Reinberg).

Exposure to second-hand smoke over long periods of time can have very devastating consequences to the heart, which include an increased risk for heart attack, researchers say. Researcher Stanton A. Glantz says explains just how harmful second-hand smoke is.

"Second-hand smoke is worse than we thought. It increases the risk for a coronary event like a heart attack or long term development of arteriosclerosis. Chronic exposure to second-hand smoke is about 80% as bad to your health as being a pack-a-day smoker" (Reinberg).

John A. Messmer of Penn State Family and Community Medicine, and Penn State College of Medicine explains the annual statistics from second-hand smoke.

"Annually, second-hand smoke or environmental tobacco smoke also known as ETS, kills an estimated 35,000 people from heart disease, 3,000 from lung cancer, and 1,900 from sudden infant death syndrome while being responsible for almost 10,000 low birth weight babies, 400,000 episodes of asthma in children, and 800,000 cases of ear infections. That's on top of 400,000 deaths in smokers themselves annually in the U.S." (Messmer).

Amway4

Dr. Norman H. Edelman, chief medical officer for the American Lung Association says,

"Second hand smoke disables and kills many people by virtue of its cardiovascular effects and also by virtue of its cardiovascular effects on the lung" (Reinberg).

Dr. David L. Katz, A clinical professor of public health, and director of the prevention research center at Yale University School of Medicine expresses his opinion on public smoking in the following passage.

"How can any society allow tobacco smoke to be imposed on innocent bystanders? We have clear, convincing evidence that those who smoke are swinging a big stick indeed at the noses of those of us who don't. While they should have autonomy over their choices, they should not have autonomy over ours. Smoking in public places does not stop where my nose begins, and therefore it should be banned. Not just in some states, but by all" (Reinberg).

A Proposal was made in July of 2004 to require all bars and restaurants in Pennsylvania to be smoke-free. State Senator Stewart Greenleaf, of Montgomery County said:

"This proposal would ban all smoking in workplaces, including bars and restaurants. Seven other states including, California, Delaware, New York, Maine, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island -- ban smoking in bars, and restaurants both. People that work in these places are exposed to the smoke for eight hours or more. It is not a healthy working environment" (Kerlik).

Schools across the U.S. teach children about how harmful the effects of smoking

Amway5

are. Dr. Terry