Ai

INTRODUCTION

Ever since I have read turing test, AI and robotics have always fascinated me. I always wondered how a computer can compete human intelligence. When the first robot, its name, was commercially launched my fascination turned into the passion to take up research in the subject. Thus, I took up AI & Robotics as my research topic.

AI is a branch of computer science, which deals with the study, and creation of computer systems that exhibit some kind of intelligence. Intelligent behaviour involves perception, reasoning, learning, communicating, and acting in complex environments. Ai makes use of the human responses, facts and the data from the real world in different situations to make intelligent systems known as Knowledge Based Systems.

The field of cognitive science overlaps AI. Cognitive scientists study the nature of intelligence from a psychological point of view, mostly building computer models that help elucidate what happens in our brains during problem solving, remembering, perceiving, and other psychological processes. One major contribution of AI and cognitive science to psychology has been the information processing model of human thinking in which the metaphor of brain-as-computer is taken quite literally.

One of major branch of Ai is robotics. A robot is a mechanical device that is programmed to perform using the knowledge, facts and results from either its past experiences or its environment (i-robots).

EVOLUTION OF ROBOTS

We humans tend to make errors with increasing fatigue. Humans are not capable of working for prolonged hours without taking breaks and hence are not flexible. The idea behind the creation of robots was to create a machine that will do what we tell it. The machine which could perform work with accuracy, and in no time. Also a machine which could do the repetitive jobs of humans without getting tired. Robots were developed keeping in mind that they wont be having any emotions. It would be a simple machine that could move like humans, have arms and legs, grasp things and do work. A machine that works by remote control, like a machine that can be programmed to do. Robots, are as flexible as they can be. One can program them to work 24X7 without taking breaks.

HOW AI AND ROBOTICS IS RELATED

Robot is a complex structure of different mechanical parts, each part performing a specified function. These parts work in accordance to achieve some predefined goals - construction and manufacturing process in industries, helping humans in daily lives etc. AI brings this mechanical juncture to life. AI enables robots to work effectively and efficiently. AI is incorporated in robots so that they can use the knowledge, process it and take the appropriate action.

CATEGORIES OF ROBOTS

The robots can be categorized as follows:

* Industrial robots

* Explorer robots

* Laboratory robots

* Domestic robots

* Medical robots

* Real world robots

HOW THE ROBOTS WORK

In order to build robots that live in this real world, they must interpret the things as we humans do and perform the action accordingly. Thus, in the field of robotics, perception and action constitute an important part. Perception involves interpreting sights, sounds, smells and touch. Action includes the ability to navigate