Chem

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-DNA, chromosome, gene and genome are all terms that refer to aspects of the inheritance, development and reproduction of organisms.

-A gene is a specific sequence of bases that contains instructions for making proteins, and can be located in the DNA of an organism's genome. Compared to "genome,chromosome and DNA," a gene is the most basic physical and functional unit of heredity.

-DNA or deoxiribonucleic acid is a chemical that contains genes, and is found within the chromosomes of organisms. It differs from the other three terms in that it refers to the same chemical and physical components that all organisms have.

-A genome is an organism's whole and unique set of hereditary information that is encoded in the DNA within the chromosomes of each cell. It differs from the other three terms in that it specifies the total set of genes for a particular organism.

-A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and proteins that can be found in cells. One chromosome contains a single strand of DNA. A chromosme is different from "DNA, gene, and genome" in that it refers to specific physical structures that reside within a cell.

2)

The HGP officially began in 1990. Its major goal was to create a reference describing the human genome in detail and to identify all human genes.

3)

Only 2% of the human genome consists of genes. One function of the remaining DNA consists in regulating the amounts of proteins that are made by a code in the genes.

4)

-The DOE is the U.S. Department of Energy.

-Cellulose is a fibrous material found in plants that is inedible by many organisms including humans. It is also the most common organic compund on earth. It can be grown in most states including places normally not suited for traditional agriculture.

-Cellulose appears in nature primarily within two polymers known as hemicellulose and lignin.

5)

-Thermites are of interest to scientists because certain bacteria living in their guts are known to be able to break down cellulose into sugars that can be used to produce ethanol. In this process, thermites also produce hydrogen to a significant amount; enough to draw the attention of scientists.

6)Three genetic disorders that follow mendelian inheritance patterns:

-Cystic Fibrosis: Affects mainly the lungs and digestive system causing progressive disability. Symptoms include: poor growth, fatty diarrea, and infertility.

-Cickle cell anemia: Red blood cells tend to change form in the shape of a sickle. The cells can get stuck in blood vessels causing painful attacks. Deprivation of oxigen to organs causes ischemia and infarction that in many cases lead to organ damage and stroke.

-Hunginton's Disease: A rare neurological disorder. Abnormal gene coding produces a mutant protein that