Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

Disaster

• A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic or a environmental losses, which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope, using its own resources.

Hazard

• A hazard is situation or a occurrence with capacity to bring damages to lives, properties, and the environment.

• UNISDR (2004), a potentially damaging physical event or phenomenon or human activity that may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation.

• Hydro-meteorological

• Cyclone        - storm surge
• Typhoons        - landslide
• Thunderstorm
• Flood
• El nino and La nina
  

• Geological

• Earthquake
• Tsunami
• Volcanic eruptions
• Sink holes

• Human Induced Hazard

• Technological
• Environmental
• Socioeconomic, political, security.

Types of Hazard

1. Natural Hazard – natural phenomena that pose threats or cause negative impacts to people and property.

1. Human Made – human made hazards include civil conflict, displacement due to development projects and etc.

1. Combination or Socio-natural Hazards – flooding and drought can fall under this category if these are due to deforestation.

Vulnerability

• A set of prevailing or consequential conditions, affect the community’s ability to prevent, mitigate prepare for and respond to hazardous events.

Vulnerable Sectors

• Most Vulnerable

- capacities are low and not sufficient to withstand                 and overcome the damaging and adhere effects of                 disasters.

- farmers,urban poor, laborers, indigenous people,                 PWD’s, women and children.

- abused sector.

• Less Vulnerable

- capacities start from their own ability to acquire         material resources.

- professionals, small entrepreneurs, and other         similar to higher levels of society.

• Not Vulnerable

- high position in the community

- policies implemented by the government that are                 root cause of vulnerability.

Categories of Vulnerabilities

- Anderson and Woodrow (1990), there are three         areas of vulnerability.

• Physical/ Material Vulnerability

- location and type of housing/building materials

- land, water, animals, capital, other means of                 production

-  infrastructure and services; roads, health         facilities, schools, electricity, communication,         transport, housing etc.