The Rights of Person with Disability in Bangladesh

An assignment on

                “The rights of ‘person with disability’ in Bangladesh”

In this assignment, I will discuss this topic by taking three parts. And I’ll emphasis in my writing to keep match with my academic syllabus as I am a student Social Welfare disciplines, like that-

1. What is disability
2. Disability in Bangladesh
3. The disability rights law in Bangladesh

Well, first of all I’ll discuss about disability or what is disability as my design-

• Disability

Disability is the broad term that refers the actual ability to lead normal functioning in the daily’s activities. This term is also used to refer an impairment which means the inability of physical, mental, cognitive, emotional and intellectual functioning.

Besides this, we have to keep clear concept about following two terms which are given with their normal definition;

The term impairment refers to an individual limitation. These limitations may include blindness, deafness, conditions that make it difficult or impossible to walk or to speak, conditions that make it harder to understand or learn and condition that can cause seizures etc.

The another term Handicap refers to a disadvantage for an given individual, resulting from an impairment or disability that limits or prevent the fulfillment that is normal (depending on age, sex, and social and cultural factors) for that individual.

• Disability is the consequence of an impairment that may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, and developmental or some combination of these that result in restrictions on an individual's ability to participate in what is considered "normal" in their everyday society. A disability may be present from birth, or occur during a person's lifetime.

---Wikipedia

From the Wikipedia definition we can say that, the person with disability may affect by the unable of one organ or more than one or the combination of several organs dysfuctioning which affect a person to perform his/ her normal activity.

Besides this, a person with disability may be born or be made. Among all disabilities, some are born that means they are disable from their birth and some are made that means born performance was good but due to accident or environmental hazards they are now considered as person with disability. However the person with disability can’t operate or lead his/ her daily’s normally.  

• Disabilities are an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Impairment is a problem in body function or structure; an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations. Thus, disability is a complex phenomenon, reflecting an interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or she lives.

— World Health Organization

In the concept of World Health Organization we see that, first of all they (WHO) mark it (disability) as an umbrella term in which they include some disable terms like impairment, limitation, restriction etc. here impairment refers the problems in the body function, limitation refers face difficulty to do something and restriction means inability to participate in the group activity.

Again this definition also hinted that, disability is not an easy curable disease and termed as complex phenomenon. The person with disability can’t adjust him between the body and the environment in which he or she lives.

So in the way of ending, it can be said by me that the person with disability may move, see, hear or learn and understand differently from a person without disability. The person with disability may take care of the activities of daily living differently when he/ she communicates, eats, bathes, dresses, gets up from lying down etc. Adapting to his/ her limitation is an ordinary part of life.

Our lower quality of life is not caused by our impairment, but by social realities. The solution does not lie inside our bodies.

Despite each person with disability’s ability to find solutions to problems caused by his/ her disability, he also faces social, physical, culture and economic barriers that can stop his/ her getting health, care, education vocational training and employment.

So the person with disability may be unable to adjust him to the environment as like as normal person do but they are exceptional meritorious, sometimes high intelligence. If we help something they can survive themselves differently.

• Types of disabilities

Now I’ll mention some specific types of disabilities as is enunciated in my academic syllabus with a little synopsis below-

• Physical disability

The physical disability is any type of physical condition that significantly impacts one or more major life activities and the manner in which they impact a person's life are wide-ranging and virtually limitless.

A physical disability is any condition that permanently prevents normal body movement and/or control. There are many different types of physical disabilities.

• Intellectual disability

This term covers the same population of individuals who were diagnosed previously with mental retardation in number, kind, level, type, duration of disability, and the need of people with this disability for individualized services and supports.

Furthermore, every individual who is or was eligible for a diagnosis of mental retardation is eligible for a diagnosis of intellectual disability.

Intellectual disability is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior, which covers a range of everyday social and practical skills. This disability originates before the age of 18.

• Hearing disability

A hearing impairment is a hearing loss, whether permanent or not, that affects a child’s educational performance. This definition includes children who have the capacity to receive some auditory stimuli, including speech and language; this capacity is known as residual hearing, which can be supported by the use of a hearing aid.